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KNM Practice

KNM Practice Questions, Terms & Study Checklist

Every KNM practice question, key term, memory trick, and study-order checklist in one place — each question with its answer, so you can prep in the right order.

The KNM exam (Kennis van de Nederlandse Maatschappij) rewards one thing above all: connecting a Dutch term to the real-life situation where it matters. This guide brings together the most-tested terms, worked practice questions with answers for the two highest-impact topics — healthcare and work — a memory method for the institutions that trip everyone up, and a checklist that tells you what to study first.

Work through it in order, or jump to the section you’re weakest on. When you want to test yourself for real, our free KNM practice exam runs the same question logic you’ll see below.

Most-Tested KNM Terms

These are the terms that appear most frequently across all KNM categories. Each has a short explanation in Dutch — read it, then try to say the same idea in one sentence without looking. Use this as a daily revision tool in the weeks before your exam.

Healthcare (Gezondheidszorg)

  • Huisarts — De huisarts is je eerste dokter; je gaat altijd eerst naar de huisarts voordat je naar een specialist gaat.
  • Apotheek — De apotheek is waar je medicijnen ophaalt met een recept van de dokter.
  • Zorgverzekering — Een verplichte verzekering die medische kosten dekt voor iedereen die in Nederland woont.
  • Eigen risico — Het bedrag dat je zelf betaalt voordat de verzekering de kosten overneemt (385 euro per jaar in 2025).
  • Basisverzekering — De verplichte basisverzekering die iedereen moet hebben; het pakket is voor alle verzekeraars gelijk.
  • Zorgtoeslag — Een maandelijkse bijdrage van de overheid om je zorgpremie te helpen betalen als je inkomen laag is.

Work (Werk en Inkomen)

  • Contract — Een schriftelijke overeenkomst tussen jou en je werkgever over je baan, salaris en werktijden.
  • Salaris — Het geld dat je maandelijks ontvangt van je werkgever voor je werk.
  • Bruto/Netto — Bruto is je salaris voor belasting; netto is wat je daadwerkelijk op je rekening krijgt.
  • Sollicitatie — Het proces van het zoeken naar een baan: CV schrijven, brief sturen, en op gesprek gaan.
  • UWV — De organisatie die uitkeringen regelt als je werkloos, ziek of arbeidsongeschikt wordt.
  • WW-uitkering — Een tijdelijke uitkering als je onvrijwillig werkloos wordt, aangevraagd bij het UWV.
  • KvK (Kamer van Koophandel) — Hier schrijf je je bedrijf in als je een eigen onderneming start.
  • Vakantiedagen — Het minimum aantal betaalde vrije dagen per jaar; bij fulltime minimaal 20 dagen.

Government and Administration (Overheid)

  • Gemeente — Het lokale bestuur waar je je inschrijft, een paspoort aanvraagt en waar je terecht kunt voor lokale zaken.
  • DigiD — Je digitale identiteit waarmee je inlogt bij alle overheidswebsites en toeslagen aanvraagt.
  • DUO — De organisatie die inburgeringsexamens regelt en studiefinanciering verstrekt.
  • Belastingdienst — De Nederlandse belastingdienst die belastingen int en toeslagen uitkeert.
  • Rijksoverheid — De landelijke overheid van Nederland, met informatie op rijksoverheid.nl.
  • BSN (burgerservicenummer) — Je unieke persoonlijke nummer dat je nodig hebt voor alle officiële zaken in Nederland.

Housing (Wonen)

  • Huurwoning — Een woning die je huurt van een woningcorporatie of particuliere verhuurder.
  • Woningcorporatie — Een organisatie die sociale huurwoningen beheert en verhuurt aan mensen met een lager inkomen.
  • Huurtoeslag — Een bijdrage van de Belastingdienst om je huur te helpen betalen als je inkomen laag is.
  • Huurcontract — Het schriftelijke contract tussen jou en je verhuurder met alle afspraken over de huur.
  • Servicekosten — Extra kosten bovenop de kale huur, bijvoorbeeld voor schoonmaak of onderhoud van gemeenschappelijke ruimtes.

Education (Onderwijs)

  • Basisschool — De lagere school voor kinderen van 4 tot 12 jaar, van groep 1 tot en met groep 8.
  • Middelbare school — De school na de basisschool, met niveaus VMBO, HAVO en VWO.
  • Leerplicht — De wettelijke verplichting dat kinderen van 5 tot 16 jaar naar school moeten.
  • MBO/HBO/WO — De drie niveaus van vervolgonderwijs: beroepsonderwijs, hoger beroepsonderwijs, en wetenschappelijk onderwijs.

Other Important Terms

  • BRP (Basisregistratie Personen) — Het bevolkingsregister van de gemeente waar al je persoonlijke gegevens staan.
  • Inschrijving — De registratie bij de gemeente wanneer je in Nederland komt wonen; dit is verplicht.

How to revise this list: Take 10 terms each day and explain each in one simple sentence without looking at the answer. Repeat terms you found difficult the next day. In the final week before your KNM exam, go through the entire list once per day. Focus especially on terms that appear in multiple categories, such as Belastingdienst (taxes and toeslagen) and gemeente (registration and local services).

Healthcare Practice Questions

Healthcare is one of the highest-impact KNM topics. These questions mirror common exam logic — read the scenario, decide your answer, then check. For the full topic, see our healthcare in the Netherlands guide.

1) For normal health complaints, where do you go first?

Answer: Your huisarts.

Why: The huisarts is the main first contact for non-emergency care.

2) You have a life-threatening emergency. Which number should you call?

Answer: 112.

Why: 112 is for urgent emergencies.

3) You moved to a new city. Who arranges your new huisarts?

Answer: You arrange it yourself.

Why: Finding a GP is the resident’s responsibility.

4) What is an apotheek mainly used for?

Answer: Getting medicines, including prescribed medicines with a doctor’s prescription.

5) Can your old huisarts share your medical file with a new doctor without your permission?

Answer: No.

Why: Medical information is private and requires your consent.

6) What is eigen risico?

Answer: The annual deductible amount you pay yourself before insurance covers specific costs.

7) Is basic health insurance optional in the Netherlands?

Answer: No, basic insurance is mandatory.

8) For mild symptoms like sore throat, should you go directly to emergency care?

Answer: Usually no. Contact your huisarts first.

Healthcare quick-review checklist:

  • I know when to call 112.
  • I know the huisarts is my first non-emergency contact.
  • I understand eigen risico.
  • I know basic insurance is mandatory.
  • I can explain the role of apotheek.

Work and Income Practice Questions

Work and income questions in KNM focus on practical choices in Dutch daily life — contracts, salary, benefits, and starting a business. The deeper work and income guide covers each in full.

1) What does “vast contract” mean?

Answer: A permanent contract without an end date.

2) What is a “tijdelijk contract”?

Answer: A temporary contract with an end date.

3) Which salary is usually higher: bruto or netto?

Answer: Bruto.

Why: Taxes and contributions are deducted before you receive netto salary.

4) If your contract ends and you have no job, where do you apply for support?

Answer: UWV.

5) When can you apply for WW-uitkering?

Answer: You can register as a job seeker at UWV up to one week before your last working day. Apply for WW-uitkering no later than one week after becoming unemployed.

6) You want to start a business. Which institution is required?

Answer: Kamer van Koophandel (KvK).

7) Do all workers need to register at KvK?

Answer: No. Only business owners need KvK registration.

8) Is part-time work allowed in the Netherlands?

Answer: Yes, part-time work is common and accepted.

High-value work terms to remember:

  • vast contract
  • tijdelijk contract
  • bruto / netto
  • UWV
  • WW-uitkering
  • KvK
  • deeltijdbaan

How to Remember KNM Institutions

Institution confusion is one of the biggest KNM blockers. Instead of memorizing a list of names and descriptions, organize institutions by the life events where you actually encounter them. This is the single fastest way to stop mixing up gemeente, UWV, DUO, and the rest. For the full reference, see the government institutions guide.

The Life Event Method

Moving to the Netherlands. When you first arrive, you deal with: IND (Immigratie- en Naturalisatiedienst) for your residence permit, the gemeente for BRP registration (bevolkingsregister), DigiD activation for online government access, and a zorgverzekering (health insurance company) because basic health insurance is mandatory from day one.

Starting work. When you begin working: your employer handles your contract and salary, UWV is involved if you become unemployed, the Belastingdienst (tax authority) handles your income tax and toeslagen (allowances), and KvK (Kamer van Koophandel) is where you register if you start your own business as a ZZP’er.

Having a child. Register the birth at the gemeente to get a birth certificate (geboorteakte). SVB (Sociale Verzekeringsbank) pays kinderbijslag (child benefit) automatically. The Belastingdienst handles kinderopvangtoeslag (childcare benefit) if you use formal childcare.

Getting sick. Always contact your huisarts (general practitioner) first for non-emergency health issues. The apotheek (pharmacy) fills prescriptions from your doctor. Call 112 only for life-threatening emergencies. Your zorgverzekering handles claims and reimbursements.

Studying or inburgering. DUO (Dienst Uitvoering Onderwijs) manages exam registration, scheduling, results, and study loans. Your gemeente helps create your Plan Inburgering en Participatie (PIP). Your taalschool or language school provides courses.

Losing your job. UWV handles WW-uitkering (unemployment benefit) if you were employed and paid enough premiums. If you do not qualify for WW, the gemeente can provide bijstand (social assistance). You are expected to actively search for work and prove it.

Retiring. SVB pays your AOW pension (state pension based on years lived in the Netherlands). The Belastingdienst adjusts your tax situation when your income changes in retirement.

Confusion pairs

These are the pairs KNM questions use to trick you:

  • DUO vs UWV: DUO is education and exams, UWV is employment and unemployment. They sound equally bureaucratic but handle completely different areas.
  • Gemeente vs Rijksoverheid: gemeente is your local municipality (city/town level), Rijksoverheid is the national government. BRP registration is gemeente; immigration law is Rijksoverheid.
  • Belastingdienst roles: the same organization handles both taxes (inkomstenbelasting) and benefit payments (toeslagen like zorgtoeslag, huurtoeslag, kinderopvangtoeslag). This confuses many people.

Institutions quick quiz

Test yourself with these five scenarios:

  1. You just arrived in the Netherlands and need to register your address. Where do you go?
  2. You lost your job and want to apply for unemployment benefits. Which organization?
  3. You want to schedule your KNM exam. Which website do you use?
  4. Your child was born and you want child benefit. Who pays this?
  5. You are self-employed and need to register your business. Where?

Answers: 1. Gemeente, 2. UWV, 3. DUO (Mijn DUO), 4. SVB (kinderbijslag), 5. KvK

Study Checklist: What to Study First

Use this checklist to move from random study to controlled preparation. Mark each topic as strong, medium, or weak, and focus first on your weak Priority 1 topics.

Priority 1 topics

  • Healthcare and insurance
  • Work and income
  • Government institutions

Priority 2 topics

  • Housing
  • Education system
  • Politics and democracy

Priority 3 topics

  • History and geography
  • Culture and traditions

For each topic, verify:

  • I can explain the core concepts in simple words
  • I know key institutions and their role
  • I understand common Dutch vocabulary in this topic
  • I can answer practical scenario questions

Weekly review questions

  • Which topic still feels confusing?
  • Which institution names do I mix up?
  • Which vocabulary appears often but I still forget?

A checklist turns uncertainty into clear next actions.

Put It Into Practice

Terms stick when you meet them inside real questions, not on flashcards alone. Once you’ve revised the list above, run a timed round on the free KNM practice exam to see which topics still feel shaky — then come back and re-drill those. For a guided, day-by-day plan that adapts to your weak spots, the Inburgering Coach app walks you through KNM and the rest of the inburgering exam step by step.

When you want to study the topics themselves in depth, work through our KNM study guides.

Keep learning

Frequently asked questions

Which KNM topics should I study first?

Start with the three highest-frequency Priority 1 topics: healthcare and insurance, work and income, and government institutions. Then move on to housing, education, and politics, and finish with history, geography, and culture.

What is the difference between bruto and netto salary?

Bruto is your salary before taxes; netto is what you actually receive in your bank account. Taxes and contributions are deducted before you get your netto salary.

Who should I contact first for non-emergency health problems?

In most cases, you contact your huisarts (general practitioner) first for non-emergency issues. Call 112 only for urgent, life-threatening situations.

How do I stop mixing up gemeente, UWV, and DUO?

Use the Life Event Method: connect each institution to a specific life situation (arriving, working, studying, losing your job) instead of memorizing names in isolation. DUO handles education and exams, UWV handles unemployment, and the gemeente handles local registration.

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